HP is a behemoth in the PC and printing markets. It has focused on these markets since it exited IT infrastructure in 2015 with the split from Hewlett Packard Enterprise. HP focuses on the commercial market, but maintains sales of consumer devices and printers. The firm has a broad and global customer base, with only one-third of sales coming from the US. HP completely outsources manufacturing and relies heavily on channel partners for its sales and marketing.

Teradyne provides testing equipment, including automated test equipment for semiconductors, system testing for hard disk drives, circuit boards, and electronics systems, and wireless testing for devices. The firm entered the industrial automation market in 2015 and sells collaborative and autonomous robots for factory applications. Teradyne serves numerous end markets and geographies, directly and indirectly, through its products, but its most significant exposure is to semiconductor testing. Teradyne serves vertically integrated, fabless, and foundry chipmakers with its equipment.

Marvell Technology is a fabless chip designer focused on wired networking, where it has the second-highest market share. Marvell serves the data center, carrier, enterprise, and consumer end markets with processors, optical and copper transceivers, switches, and storage controllers.

Arm Holdings is the IP owner and developer of the Arm architecture, which is used in 99% of the world’s smartphone CPU cores. Arm also has a high market share in other battery-powered devices, such as wearables, tablets, and sensors. Arm licenses its architecture for a fee, offering different license types depending on the flexibility the customer needs. Customers such as Apple or Qualcomm buy architectural licenses, which allow them to modify the architecture and add or remove instructions to tailor the chips to their specific needs. Other clients directly buy off-the-shelf designs from Arm. Both off-the-shelf and architectural customers pay a royalty fee per chip shipped. In 2026, Arm announced plans to launch its own CPU products on top of its existing royalty business.