Selenium Python Vejledning med WebDriver (eksempel)

Selenium med Python

Selenium understøtninger Python og dermed kan bruges som Selenium WebDriver med Python til testning.

• Python is easy compared to other programming languages, having far less verbose syntax.
• Python API'er giver dig mulighed for at oprette forbindelse til browseren gennem Selenium.
• Selenium sender standarden Python commands to different browsers, despite variation in their browser design.

Du kan køre Selenium med Python scripts til Firefox, Chrome, IE, etc. on different operating systems.

Hvad er Python?

Python er et objektorienteret scriptsprog på højt niveau. Den er designet på en brugervenlig måde. Python uses simple English keywords, which are easy to interpret. It has fewer syntax complications than any other programmeringssprog.

Se nogle af eksemplerne i tabellen nedenfor.

Hvad er Selenium?

Selenium is a tool to test your web application. You can do this in various ways, for instance:

• Permit it to tap on buttons.
• Enter content in forms.
• Skim dit websted for at kontrollere, om alt er "OK" og så videre.

Sådan installeres og konfigureres PyDev in Eclipse

PyDev er Python udviklingsmiljø for Eclipse.

Trin 1) Gå til Eclipse Marketplace. Help > Install New Software.

The next step is to install the “pydev IDE” for Eclipse.

Trin 2) I dette trin:

1. Search for “http://pydev.org/updates” in Work with, and then
2. Select all listed items and click on Next twice.
3. Accept the License Agreement and click Finish.

Trin 3) You may encounter a Security Warning. Click on “Install Anyway”.

Trin 4) Set preferences so you can use Python as per the project need. Go to Window > Preferences > PyDev > Tolk > Python Tolk.

Indstil standard Python Interpreter, just as you set the Java compiler for running Java code. To change the interpreter name, click the Browse for python/pypy exe button.

Trin 5) I dette trin skal du angive "tolkenavnet" og "exe"-filstien til Python.

1. Klik på 'Gennemse' og find python.exe, hvor du installerede Python.
2. Klik på knappen 'OK'.
3. Select all the folders and click on OK.
4. Klik på "Anvend og luk".

Trin 6) Make a new project in Python. In this step:

1. Højreklik PyDev Pakke Explorer > Ny.
2. Vælg mulighed andre.

1. Vælg "PyDev > PyDev Projekt".
2. Press the ‘Next’ button.

1. Name your project.
2. Klik på "Afslut".

Du kan se det nye Python (PyDev) projektet er oprettet.

Trin 7) After creating the ‘PyDev Project', vil du oprette en ny Python pakke.

1. Højreklik på Projekt > Ny > PyDev Pakke.
2. Name your package and click Finish.

Trin 8) If you see in the below screenshot, a new package is created.

Opret derefter en PyDev module. The module contains Python files for initialization, whose functions can be imported into another module, avoiding re-writing the program.

Trin 9) Opret en ny PyDev modul. Højreklik på pakke > Ny > PyDev modul.

Name your module and click “Finish”.

Select Empty Template and click “OK”.

Trin 10) Skriv din kode til Selenium med Python som vist nedenfor.

Sådan opretter du testscripts i Selenium med Python

I denne Selenium WebDriver med Python example, we did automation for the “Facebook login page” using the Firefox chauffør.

Selenium med Python Eksempel 1: Log ind på Facebook

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
user_name = "YOUR EMAILID"
password = "YOUR PASSWORD"
driver = webdriver.Firefox()
driver.get("https://www.facebook.com")
element = driver.find_element_by_id("email")
element.send_keys(user_name)
element = driver.find_element_by_id("pass")
element.send_keys(password)
element.send_keys(Keys.RETURN)
element.close()

Øjebliksbillede af Code

Forklaring af koden

• Code linje 1: From the selenium module, import webdriver.
• Code linje 2: From the selenium module, import Keys.
• Code linje 3: user_name is a variable used to store the value of the username.
• Code linje 4: The variable “password” will be used to store the value of the password.
• Code linje 5: Initialize “Firefox” ved at lave et objekt af det.
• Code linje 6: The “driver.get” method navigates to the page given by the URL. WebDriver waits until the page has fully loaded before returning control to your script.
• Code linje 7: Find the textbox element where the “email” has to be written.
• Code linje 8: Send the values to the email section.
• Code linje 9: Same for the password.
• Code linje 10: Send values to the password section.
• Code linje 11: element.send_keys(Keys.RETURN) presses enter after the values are inserted.
• Code linje 12: Luk.

Output: The values of the username “guru99” and password are entered.

The Facebook page will log in with the email and password. Page opened (see image below).

Selenium med Python Example 2: Login into Facebook & Check Title

In this example, we will open a login page, fill in the required fields “username” and “password”, and check the page title.

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
# Step 1) Open Firefox
browser = webdriver.Firefox()
# Step 2) Navigate to Facebook
browser.get("http://www.facebook.com")
# Step 3) Search & Enter the Email or Phone field & Enter Password
username = browser.find_element_by_id("email")
password = browser.find_element_by_id("pass")
submit   = browser.find_element_by_id("loginbutton")
username.send_keys("YOUR EMAILID")
password.send_keys("YOUR PASSWORD")
# Step 4) Click Login
submit.click()
wait = WebDriverWait( browser, 5 )
page_title = browser.title
assert page_title == "Facebook"

Snapshot af koden

Forklaring af koden:

• Code linje 1-2: Import selenium packages.
• Code linje 4: Initialiser Firefox by creating an object.
• Code linje 6: Get the login page (Facebook).
• Code linje 8-10: Fetch username, password input boxes and the submit button.
• Code linje 11-12: Enter data into the username and password input boxes.
• Code linje 14: Klik på knappen "Send".
• Code linje 15: Create a wait object with a timeout of 5 seconds.
• Code linje 16: Capture the title from the “browser” object.
• Code linje 17: Test the captured title string with “Facebook”.

Hvorfor vælge Python i løbet af Java in Selenium

A few points that favor Python i løbet af Java at bruge med Selenium er:

1. Java programmer har en tendens til at køre langsommere i forhold til Python programmer.
2. Java uses traditional braces to start and end blocks, while Python bruger indrykning.
3. Java anvender statisk typing, mens Python er dynamisk indtastet.
4. Python er enklere og mere kompakt i forhold til Java.

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