Tools for Fundamental Analysis

Much of fundamental analysis relies on economic data and central bank policies. Most trading platforms provide some form of economic calendar or research commentary so you're not flying blind.
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How to Use AI to Read 10-K Reports to Be a Smarter Investor
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Understanding the Time Value of Money
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How to Determine and Use a Stock's Intrinsic Value
Decoding DuPont Analysis
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How to Use Enterprise Value to Compare Companies
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Difference Between Carrying Value and Fair Value in Accounting
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How Do You Calculate a Company's Equity?
Adjusted Present Value
Adjusted Present Value (APV): Overview, Formula, and Example
Marginal Analysis: An examination of the additional benefits of an activity compared to the additional costs incurred by that same activity.
Marginal Analysis in Business and Microeconomics, With Examples
ROCE vs. ROA: What's the Difference?
Illustration showing diagrams of statistical curves and two people analyzing data with accompanying descriptive text explaining ANOVA: An analysis tool used in statistics that splits an observed aggregate variability found inside a data set into two parts: systematic factors and random factors.
What Is Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)?
Delphi Method
What Is the Delphi Method, and How Is It Useful in Forecasting?
Gross Sales: The revenue generated by a company without accounting for the costs related to generating those sales.
Gross Sales: What It Is, How To Calculate It, and Examples
Normal Distribution
Understanding Normal Distribution: Key Concepts and Financial Uses
Qualitative Analysis: An evaluation of a company’s unquantifiable aspects such as management style and worker loyalty.
Qualitative Analysis in Business: What You Need to Know
Representative Sample
Representative Sample: Definition, Importance, and Examples
T-Test: A statistical test used to compare the means of two groups of data.
T-Test: What It Is With Multiple Formulas and When to Use Them
Synergy: The concept that the value and performance of two companies combined will be greater than the sum of the separate individual parts.
What Is Financial Synergy?
Total Shareholder Return (TSR): Looking at capital gains and dividends to measure the full amount an investor earns from a stock.
Total Shareholder Return (TSR): Definition and Formula
Population
Population: Definition in Statistics and How to Measure It
Piotroski Score: A nine-point scoring system used to determine a company's financial strength.
Piotroski Score: 9 Criteria for Analyzing Value Stocks
How to Value Firms With Present Value of Free Cash Flows
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Intrinsic Value vs. Current Market Value: What's the Difference?
Comparable Company Analysis (CCA): Evaluating the value of a company using the metrics of other businesses of similar size in the same industry.
Learn Comparable Company Analysis (CCA) & Elevate Your Investing Strategy
Understand the Degree of Financial Leverage (DFL) and Its Impact on EPS
Calculate Debt-to-Equity Ratio in Excel: Step-by-Step Guide
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What Does the Forward P/E Indicate About a Company?
Free Cash Flow Yield: The Best Fundamental Indicator
Determining the Value of a Preferred Stock
Distribution
Understanding Lognormal vs. Normal Distributions in Financial Analysis
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Understanding S&P 500 Calculation: Free-Float Market Cap Method
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Gross Profit vs. EBITDA: What's the Difference?
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Top 6 Websites for Finding a Company's Stats
Adjusted EBITDA
Understanding Adjusted EBITDA: Definition, Formula, and Calculation Guide
Asset Valuation: The process of determining the fair market value of an asset.
Asset Valuation Explained: Methods, Examples, and Key Insights
Understanding Basic Earnings Per Share (EPS): Definition & Formula
Capitalization of Earnings: Valuation Method and Rate Calculation
Conditional Value at Risk (CVar): The amount of tail risk an investment portfolio has.
Conditional Value at Risk (CVaR): Expert Guide, Uses, and Formula
Debt-to-EBITDA Ratio: The amount of income generated and available to pay down debt before deducting interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization.
Debt-to-EBITDA Ratio Explained: Definition, Calculation, and Significance
Free Cash Flow Yield: A financial solvency ratio that compares the free cash flow per share a company is expected to earn against its market value per share.
Understanding Free Cash Flow Yield: Definition, Formula, and Calculation
Hypothesis Testing
Hypothesis Testing: 4 Steps and Example
Nominal Value: The unadjusted value of an asset or the face value of a security.
Understand Nominal Value: Definition, Importance, and Calculation
Stockholders' Equity: The remaining assets available to shareholders after all liabilities have been paid.
Stockholders' Equity: What It Is, How to Calculate It, and Example
Stress Testing
Stress Testing: Techniques, Purpose, and Real-World Examples
Unlevered Free Cash Flow (UFCF)
What Is Unlevered Free Cash Flow (UFCF)? Definition and Formula
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The Dangers of Share Dilution
Optimize Your Investments: Applying the Kelly Criterion for Portfolio Success
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Revenue vs. Sales: What's the Difference?
Funds Transfer Pricing (FTP): A method used to measure how funding adds to a company's overall profitability.
Funds Transfer Pricing: Calculation & Impact on Profitability
Gross Merchandise Value
Gross Merchandise Value (GMV): Understand, Calculate, and Analyze
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Understanding Normalized Earnings: Definition, Purpose, and Key Examples
Sampling Distribution
Sampling Distribution: Definition, How It's Used, and Example
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Understanding Sum-of-the-Parts Valuation: Meaning, Formula, and Example
How to Calculate an Altman Z-Score
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Understanding the Hamada Equation: Definition, Formula, and Application
Conditional Probability
Conditional Probability: Formula and Real-Life Examples
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Model Risk: Definition, Management Strategies, and Real-World Cases
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How to Use Bayesian Methods for Accurate Financial Forecasting
Expanded Accounting Equation Structure
Understand the Expanded Accounting Equation: Detailed Definition & Formula
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ROE vs. ROCE: Key Differences in Corporate Performance Metrics
How to Calculate Capital Employed From a Company's Balance Sheet