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Top Science News
January 8, 2022
Jan. 7, 2022 — When elderly people stay active, their brains have more of a class of proteins that enhances the connections between neurons to maintain healthy cognition, a new study has ...
Jan. 6, 2022 — Astronomers previously believed that red supergiant stars fell dormant at the end of their lives. A new study shows that red supergiant stars can violently erupt before collapsing into ...
Jan. 6, 2022 — Researchers have discovered that biofilms, bacterial communities found throughout the living world, are far more advanced than previously believed. Scientists found that biofilm cells are organized ...
Jan. 5, 2022 — The first comprehensive analysis of viral horizontal gene transfer (HGT) illustrates the extent to which viruses pick up genes from their hosts to hone their infection process, while at the same time ...
Latest Top Headlines
updated 10:46pm EST

How the Brain’s Blue Spot Helps Us Focus Our Attention

Jan. 7, 2022 — How can we shift from a state of inattentiveness to one of highest attention? The locus coeruleus, literally the 'blue spot,' is a tiny cluster of cells at the base of the brain. As the main source of the neurotransmitter noradrenaline, it helps us control our attentional focus. Synthesizing evidence from animal and human studies, scientists have now developed a novel framework describing the way ...
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Sorting Cancers by 'Immune Archetypes' Represents Potential New Approach to Developing Precision Immunotherapies

Jan. 6, 2022 — Using data from over 300 patient tumors, researchers have described 12 classes of 'immune archetypes' to classify cancer tumors. Their findings reveal that cancers from different parts of the body are immunologically similar to one another. These classifications provide unique strategies for enhancing each patient's choice of cancer ...
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Air Pollution from Wildfires, Rising Heat Affected 68% of US West in One Day

Jan. 6, 2022 — Large wildfires and severe heat events are happening more often at the same time, worsening air pollution across the western United States, a study has found. In 2020, more than 68% of the western U.S. -- representing about 43 million people -- were affected in one day by the resulting harmful-levels of air pollution, the highest number in 20 ...
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School Closures Led to More Sleep and Better Quality of Life for Adolescents

Jan. 5, 2022 — The school closures in spring 2020 had a negative effect on the health and well-being of many young people. But homeschooling also had a positive flipside: Thanks to sleeping longer in the morning, many teenagers reported improved health and health-related quality of life. The study authors therefore believe school days should begin later in the ...
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Fully 3D-Printed, Flexible OLED Display

Jan. 7, 2022 — Researchers used a customized printer to fully 3D print a flexible organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display. The discovery could result in low-cost OLED displays in the future that could be widely produced using 3D printers by anyone at home, instead of by technicians in expensive microfabrication ...
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Eccentric Exoplanet Discovered

Jan. 7, 2022 — An international research team has discovered a sub-Neptune exoplanet orbiting a red dwarf ...
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Matter and Antimatter Seem to Respond Equally to Gravity

Jan. 5, 2022 — As part of an experiment to measure -- to an extremely precise degree -- the charge-to-mass ratios of protons and antiprotons, researchers have found that, within the uncertainty of the experiment, matter and antimatter respond to gravity in the same ...
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Magnetic Surprise Revealed in 'Magic-Angle' Graphene

Jan. 6, 2022 — Magnets and superconductors don't normally get along, but a new study shows that 'magic-angle' graphene is capable of producing both superconductivity and ferromagnetism, which could be useful in quantum ...
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Tipping Point in Humboldt Current Off Peru Leads to Species Shift

Jan. 7, 2022 — Fundamental changes in the ocean, such as warming, acidification or oxygen depletion, may have significant consequences for the composition of fish stocks, including the displacement of individual species. Researchers have reconstructed environmental conditions of the warm period 125,000 years ago (Eemian interglacial) using sediment samples from the Humboldt Current System off Peru. They were ...
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Microbes Produce Oxygen in the Dark

Jan. 6, 2022 — It is common knowledge that there would be no oxygen on Earth were it not for sunlight; the key component in photosynthesis. Now researchers have made the surprising discovery that oxygen is also produced without sunlight, possibly deep below the ocean ...
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Zoo Air Contains Enough DNA to Identify the Animals Inside

Jan. 6, 2022 — The air in a zoo is full of smells, from the fish used for feed to the manure from the grazing herbivores, but now we know it is also full of DNA from the animals living there. Two research groups have each published an independent proof-of-concept study showing that by sampling air from a local zoo, they can collect enough DNA to identify the animals nearby. This may prove to be a valuable, ...
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New Research Questions 'Whiff of Oxygen' in Earth’s Early History

Jan. 5, 2022 — A reexamination of Earth's famous 'whiff of oxygen' has the potential to rewrite early accounts of the planet's history by finding that atmospheric oxygen actually did not exist prior to the Great Oxygenation Event ...
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Health News
January 8, 2022
Jan. 6, 2022 — In the most comprehensive analysis to date, researchers found that the shapes of fingerprints -- whether they are circular, wavy, or winding -- are influenced by the genes responsible for limb ...
Jan. 5, 2022 — Nearly 2 million new cases of pediatric asthma every year may be caused by a traffic-related air pollutant, a problem particularly important in big ...
Jan. 5, 2022 — A new study has identified a brain circuit that is active while we plan our spoken replies during conversation. The work promises to guide the design of new therapies for the 7.5 million Americans ...
Jan. 5, 2022 — Scientists have found evidence that a type of the antibiotic resistant superbug MRSA arose in nature long before the use of antibiotics in humans and livestock, which has traditionally been blamed ...
Latest Health Headlines
updated 10:46pm EST

How Exercise Interventions Could Help People With Asthma

Jan. 7, 2022 — Interventions aimed at promoting physical activity in people with asthma could improve their symptoms and quality of life -- according to new research. Researchers looked at whether interventions such as aerobic and strength or resistance training, had helped participants with asthma. Although they found that these interventions worked, patients with asthma may have had difficulty undertaking ...
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Risk of Overactive Bladder Associated With Medications for Dementia

Jan. 6, 2022 — A study evaluating the risk of overactive bladder as a side effect of cholinesterase inhibitor drugs taken for dementia and Alzheimer's disease, finds that one drug -- Donepezil -- is linked to increased risk of the distressing side ...
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Mechanism That Helps Immune Cells to Invade Tissues

Jan. 6, 2022 — To fight infections and heal injuries, immune cells need to enter tissue. They also need to invade tumors to fight them from within. Scientists have now discovered how immune cells protect their sensitive insides as they squeeze between tissue cells. The team lays the foundation for identifying new targets in cancer ...
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Clinicians Report Real-World Results on the Use of a New Device to Treat Brain Aneurysms

Jan. 6, 2022 — In an international study of patients with brain aneurysms (balloon-like bulges in weakened blood vessels), the Woven Endobridge device had a favorable efficacy and safety ...
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Why People Deceive Themselves

Jan. 7, 2022 — A philosophy team analyzed the role self-deception plays in everyday life and the strategies people use to deceive themselves. The team described four strategies used to stabilize and shield the positive self-image. According to their theory, self-deception helps people to stay motivated in difficult ...
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New Hope for Sight Recovery in Stroke Survivors

Jan. 6, 2022 — Researchers have used MRI imaging to map visual brain activity in stroke survivors with sight loss that gives new hope for rehabilitation and ...
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In Down Syndrome Cells, Genome-Wide Disruptions Mimic a Senescence-Like State

Jan. 6, 2022 — Extra chromosome alters chromosomal conformation and DNA accessibility across the whole genome in neural progenitor cells, disrupting gene transcription and cell functions much like in cellular ...
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Virtual Reality Could Help Make Therapy Easier

Jan. 5, 2022 — A new study has found 30 per cent of people prefer to talk about their negative experiences with a virtual reality avatar, rather than a ...
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Timing of Brain Injury in Pregnancy, Birth May Impact Motor and Language Outcomes

Jan. 5, 2022 — A new study that mapped the neural connections of newborns with two different kinds of brain injuries found the maps looked very different -- and were linked to significantly different developmental outcomes years ...
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Babies Born During Pandemic's First Year Score Slightly Lower on a Developmental Screening Test

Jan. 4, 2022 — Babies born during the pandemic's first year -- even to moms who did not have COVID during pregnancy -- scored lower on a screening test of social and motor skills compared to pre-pandemic babies, according to a new ...
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Academic Education Can Positively Affect Aging of the Brain

Dec. 22, 2021 — The benefits of good education and lifelong learning extend into old age. The initial findings of a long-term study show that certain degenerative processes are reduced in the brains of academics. Their brains are better able to compensate age-related cognitive and neural ...
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Influenza vaccine, | (c) Sherry Young / stock.adobe.com

No More Annual Flu Shot? New Target for Universal Influenza Vaccine

Dec. 23, 2021 — A new antibody discovered in the blood of some people vaccinated against or infected with influenza can recognize a broad variety of ...
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Physical/Tech News
January 8, 2022
Jan. 6, 2022 — No longer solely in the realm of science fiction, the possibility of interstellar travel has appeared, tantalizingly, on the horizon. Although we may not see it in our lifetimes -- at least not some ...
Jan. 5, 2022 — Physicists have directly observed ultracold atoms forming 'quantum tornadoes' in a spinning fluid of ultracold atoms. The observations record a key crossover from classical to quantum ...
Jan. 5, 2022 — Researchers have designed and simulated the first topological acoustic transistors -- with sound waves instead of electrons -- and proposed a connection architecture to form a universal logic gate ...
Jan. 5, 2022 — Before the solar system had planets, the sun had rings -- bands of dust and gas similar to Saturn's rings -- that likely played a role in Earth's formation, according to a new ...
Latest Physical/Tech Headlines
updated 10:46pm EST

Light–matter Interactions Simulated on the World’s Fastest Supercomputer

Jan. 7, 2022 — Researchers have developed a computational approach for simulating interactions between matter and light at the atomic scale. The team tested their method by modeling light -- matter interactions in a thin film of amorphous silicon dioxide, composed of more than 10,000 atoms, using the world's fastest supercomputer, Fugaku. The proposed approach ...
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Integrated Photonics for Quantum Technologies

Jan. 7, 2022 — An international team of leading scientists has compiled a comprehensive overview of the potential, global outlook, background and frontiers of integrated photonics. The paper is a roadmap for integrated photonic circuits for quantum technologies. The review outlines underlying technologies, presents the current state of play of research and describes possible future ...
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Breakthrough in Separating Plastic Waste: Machines Can Now Distinguish 12 Different Types of Plastic

Jan. 5, 2022 — We can now tell the difference between a wide range of plastic types and thereby separate plastics according to their chemical composition. This is absolutely ground-breaking and it will increase the rate of recycling of plastics immensely. The technology has already been tested at pilot scale and it will be implemented at an industrial scale in ...
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Nematicity Is a New Piece in a Phase Diagram Puzzle

Jan. 6, 2022 — A team sees stripes in samples of twisted double bilayer graphene, indicating the presence of a nematic phase characterized by broken rotational ...
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NASA's Webb Telescope Reaches Major Milestone as Mirror Unfolds

Jan. 8, 2022 — NASA's James Webb Space Telescope team fully deployed its 21-foot, gold-coated primary mirror, successfully completing the final stage of all major spacecraft deployments to prepare for science ...
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Sunshield Successfully Deploys on NASA's Next Flagship Telescope

Jan. 5, 2022 — The James Webb Space Telescope team has fully deployed the spacecraft's 70-foot sunshield, a key milestone in preparing it for science ...
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Resolving the Black Hole ‘fuzzball or Wormhole’ Debate

Jan. 4, 2022 — Black holes really are giant fuzzballs, a new study says. The study attempts to put to rest the debate over Stephen Hawking's famous information paradox, the problem created by Hawking's conclusion that any data that enters a black hole can never leave. This conclusion accorded with the laws of thermodynamics, but opposed the fundamental laws of quantum ...
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Bringing the Sun Into the Lab

Jan. 3, 2022 — Why the sun's corona reaches temperatures of several million degrees Celsius is one of the great mysteries of solar physics. A 'hot' trail to explain this effect leads to a region of the solar atmosphere just below the corona, where sound waves and certain plasma waves travel at the same speed. In an experiment using the molten alkali metal rubidium and pulsed high magnetic fields, researchers ...
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Seeking a Way of Preventing Audio Models for AI Machine Learning from Being Fooled

Jan. 7, 2022 — Warnings have emerged about the unreliability of the metrics used to detect whether an audio perturbation designed to fool AI models can be perceived by humans. Researchers show that the distortion metrics used to detect intentional perturbations in audio signals are not a reliable measure of human perception, and have proposed a series of ...
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Mass Production of Revolutionary Computer Memory Moves Closer With ULTRARAM™ on Silicon Wafers for the First Time

Jan. 6, 2022 — A pioneering type of patented computer memory known as ULTRARAM™ has been demonstrated on silicon wafers in what is a major step towards its large-scale manufacture. ULTRARAM™ is novel type of memory with extraordinary properties. It combines the non-volatility of a data storage memory, like flash, with the speed, energy-efficiency and ...
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Windows That Outsmart the Elements

Jan. 5, 2022 — New research takes energy efficient windows a step further by proposing a new "smart window" design that would harvest the sun's energy in the winter to warm the house and reflect it in the summer to keep it ...
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Engineers Develop New Software Tool to Aid Material Modeling Research

Jan. 5, 2022 — A new software tool can accelerate materials science research by cutting out tedious background research on material properties. Researchers recently debuted propSym, an open-source software on the programming platform MATLAB, to calculate the fundamental constants needed to describe the physical properties of solids, such as metals, ceramics or ...
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Environment News
January 8, 2022
Jan. 5, 2022 — Very few proteins in the body have a change that makes them unique compared to the corresponding proteins in Neanderthals and apes. Researchers have ...
Jan. 5, 2022 — Researchers have discovered details of how proteins produced by oral epithelial cells protect humans against viruses entering the body through the mouth. They also found that oral bacteria can ...
Jan. 5, 2022 — A new study casts doubt on drought as the driver of ancient Mayan civilization ...
Jan. 4, 2022 — During long portions of the past 2.4 billion years, the Earth may have been more 'inhospitable' to life than scientists previously thought, according to new computer simulations. Using a ...
Latest Environment Headlines
updated 10:46pm EST

Current Marsh Pollution Has Dramatic, Negative Effects on Sea Anemone’s Survival

Jan. 7, 2022 — The starlet sea anemone Nematostella's growth, development, and feeding ability are drastically impacted by present levels of common pollutants found in one of its native habitats, the U.S. East ...
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Bioenergy Sorghum’s Roots Can Replenish Carbon in Soil

Jan. 7, 2022 — The world faces an increasing amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and a shortage of carbon in the soil. However, bioenergy sorghum can provide meaningful relief from both problems, according to a new ...
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Archaeological Dig Reveals Participants in California’s Gold Rush Dined on Salted Atlantic Cod

Jan. 6, 2022 — An excavation at Thompson's Cove in San Francisco shows 'Atlantic cod were imported during the 1850s, likely as a (largely) deboned, dried and salted product from the East Coast of the United States.' The analysis underscores the importance of global maritime trade in northern California during the Gold ...
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California Mice Eat Monarch Butterflies

Jan. 6, 2022 — At the largest winter monarch aggregation in central Mexico, scientists have observed that rodents attack monarchs that fall to the ground. Biologists have now discovered that the western harvest mouse also eats grounded monarchs. Documenting this new feeding behavior is a reminder of little we know about the interactions that may be lost as insect populations ...
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Chemical Reactions Enhance Efficiency of Key Energy Storage Method

Jan. 6, 2022 — Researchers have uncovered a way to improve the efficiency of a type of grid-scale storage crucial for a global transition toward renewable ...
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Unexpected Hope for Millions as Bleached Coral Reefs Continue to Supply Nutritious Seafood

Jan. 6, 2022 — Coral reef ecosystems support diverse small-scale fisheries -- and the fish they catch are rich in micronutrients vital to the health of millions of people in the tropics, a new study reveals. And, counter-intuitively, following bleaching events that kill off coral and can transform the composition of reef ecosystems, reef fisheries can remain ...
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Dairy Farmers Can Adapt to Climate Change

Jan. 5, 2022 — Dairy farmers in the Northeast -- facing a warming climate that exacerbates nutrient pollution but lengthens the growing season -- can reduce the environmental impact of their operations and maximize revenues by double cropping and injecting manure into the soil, rather than broadcasting ...
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Deforestation Increases Risk of Flash Flooding in Fast-Growing West African Coastal Cities

Jan. 5, 2022 — Research has revealed frequent storm activity in coastal areas is a previously unrecognized way in which deforestation can increase flooding. The study found the frequency of thunderstorms in some fast-growing African coastal cities has doubled over the past 30 years, with much of this increase linked to the impact of deforestation on the local ...
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Solving the Disappearance of Bears and Lions With Ancient DNA

Jan. 4, 2022 — Researchers suggest a change in climate is the likely cause of the mysterious disappearance of ancient lions and bears from parts of North America for a thousand years or more prior to the last Ice ...
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Anthropologists Study the Energetics of Uniquely Human Subsistence Strategies

Jan. 3, 2022 — Among our closest living relatives -- the great apes -- we humans are unique: We have larger brains, reproduce more quickly and have longer life spans. These traits are obviously valuable, but the extra energy required to sustain them is quite significant. So how did we manage to afford ...
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Lychee Genome Tells a Colorful Story About a Colorful Tropical Fruit

Jan. 3, 2022 — Radiant and flavorful, lychees were so beloved that they were domesticated not just once in ancient times, but independently in two different regions of China, a study ...
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New Insights Into the Timeline of Mammal Evolution

Dec. 22, 2021 — A new study has provided the most detailed timeline of mammal evolution to ...
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Society/Education News
January 8, 2022
Dec. 30, 2021 — Cancer deaths rose to 10 million and new cases jumped to over 23 million globally in 2019, according to a new scientific ...
Dec. 21, 2021 — Some of the same brain systems known to play a role in learning from trial and error also are engaged when people conform to social norms, scientists report in a new study. The findings are ...
Dec. 16, 2021 — A new study warns 1,500 endangered languages could no longer be spoken by the end of this ...
Dec. 13, 2021 — Computer- and smartphone-based treatments appear to be effective in reducing symptoms of depression, and while it remains unclear whether they are as ...
Latest Society/Education Headlines
updated 10:46pm EST

Study Finds Electric Vehicles Provide Lower Carbon Emissions Through Additional Channels

Dec. 21, 2021 — A recent study found that the total indirect emissions from the supply of chain of electric vehicles pale in comparison to the same indirect emissions from fossil fuel-powered ...
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Understanding Human-Elephant Conflict and Vulnerability in the Face of Climate Change

Dec. 20, 2021 — Researchers spent years investigating the dynamics between wildlife, people and the environment across the Kavango Zambezi Transfrontier Conservation Area, the world's largest terrestrial transboundary conservation area, extending across five African ...
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School Uniforms Don't Improve Child Behavior, Study Finds

Dec. 20, 2021 — Despite the belief of many parents and teachers, school uniforms don't seem to have any effect on young students' behavior or attendance overall, a new U.S. national study ...
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Treatments in Weeks, Not Months: Scientists Develop Ambitious Pandemic Response Plan

Dec. 21, 2021 — An international team of scientists has created a plan for an accelerated pipeline for developing drug cocktails to battle the COVID-19 pandemic. The pipeline could speed new and better treatments that the newly diagnosed and recently exposed could take at home to prevent serious ...
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Key Neural Mechanism Believed to Support Advanced Cognitive Abilities Discovered

Dec. 21, 2021 — Scientists have discovered a neural mechanism that is believed to support advanced cognitive abilities such as planning and ...
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Star Cells in the Brain Render Memory Flexible

Dec. 21, 2021 — Star cells in the brain render memory flexible. Hippocampal astrocytes co-release D-serine and glutamate for the regulation of synaptic plasticity and cognitive ...
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How the Brain Understands One Voice in a Noisy Crowd

Dec. 17, 2021 — Researchers find that the brain is taking an extra step when listening to one speaker in a crowd, and not taking that step with the other words swirling around the ...
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Realistic Model of Mouse Hippocampus Uncovers New Mechanism for Pattern Separation

Dec. 16, 2021 — Our brains can distinguish highly similar patterns, thanks to a process called pattern separation. How exactly our brains separate patterns is, however, not full,y understood yet. Using a full-scale computer model of the dentate gyrus, a brain region involved in pattern separation, researchers found that inhibitory neurons activated by one pattern ...
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IT Security: Computer Attacks With Laser Light

Dec. 21, 2021 — Computer systems that are physically isolated from the outside world (air-gapped) can still be attacked. This is demonstrated by IT security experts. They show that data can be transmitted to light-emitting diodes of regular office devices using a directed laser. With this, attackers can secretly communicate with air-gapped computer systems over distances of several meters. In addition to ...
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Personality Traits Predict Performance Differently Across Different Jobs

Dec. 13, 2021 — Researchers combined multiple meta-analyses of the five big personality traits and examined their effect on job performance. Researchers examined the effect of personality traits — conscientiousness, openness, extraversion, agreeableness, neuroticism — on performance in different ...
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Which Personality Traits Can Be Improved Without Personal Motivation? Research Says 'It Depends'

Dec. 7, 2021 — Could a company train an employee to become more conscientious, even if the worker isn't invested in improving that trait? A new study suggests yes. But improving someone's emotional stability without that person's commitment is not likely to ...
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Breakthrough Tool to Show How Much Exoskeletons Reduce Back Injury Risk

Nov. 30, 2021 — A study reveals a breakthrough tool to assess the effect of exoskeletons on injury risk. The tool, called Exo-LiFFT, is an interactive calculator that will help companies looking for ways to overcome workforces struggling with musculoskeletal injuries, missed work, and accelerated retirement amongst skilled ...
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