Barouche:   (Also known as Caleche.) A member of the coach family, consisting of the undercarriage and lower quarters of a coach, including the lower halves of the doors. Passengers sit facing one another, usually with a folding forward seat, and the driver�s seat is elevated. It has a falling top to cover the backseat, but occasionally it is equipped with an extension top that covers both passenger seats.

Brett:  A modified and somewhat lighter vehicle than the Barouche or Caleche, it is sometimes referred to as an American Barouche.  *The small doors are open in this photo.

Brougham:  Originally developed in 1838 by Lord Brougham for use as a gentleman�s carriage. Full paneled coupe body, compact and low hung with a paneled boot for the driver.  They were made for two passengers, although a third could ride with the driver.

Clarence:  Although very similar to the Brougham, this vehicle has a semi-circular or bow-front glass and two seats inside to accommodate four passengers.

Coach: An enclosed carriage for the conveyance of passengers with the driver�s boot framed into the body.  This is a widely varied family, ranging from the highly ornate state coach used by European royalty to the much more workman-like Concord Coach. Those addressed here were types most commonly used in theUnited States.  See also Coach, Private Road , under Four Wheeled Vehicle - Multiple Seats.

American Town Coach:  This particular Town Coach is a Curtain Coach, so named because of the curtains that roll down to enclose the vehicle.  They were also built with glass windows (Glass Coach), with solid panels (Closed Coach), or a combination.  These privately owned vehicles were finely furnished and popular with the well-to-do in the post-revolutionary era until the 1850�s. 

Concord Coach: Originally manufactured by the Abbott-Downing Co. of Concord NH, these versatile vehicles were used as stage coaches as well as hotel coaches.  They were built in various sizes, the largest accommodating up to 12 inside passengers and a large amount of luggage.

Hansom Cab:   Primary used as a public vehicle, but also used to a limited extent as a private carriage.  It was most commonly found in London but gained acceptance in the U.S. in the late 19^th century, mainly in New York City.

Landau:  This is essentially a coach with a falling top.  The top is actually two separate falling tops that when up, lock together in the middle.  

Opera Bus:  Related to the Omnibus, a public vehicle, this is sometimes called a Private Omnibus.  A short passenger compartment behind the elevated driver�s seat is enclosed with glass.  The seats run lengthwise facing one another, wagonette style.

Victoria: Mainly used as a park carriage, this name was applied by the French in honor of Queen Victoria.  Panel-Boot Victorias have the driver�s seat framed into the body and is sometimes called a Cabriolet. Many Victorias have a child�s seat that folds down from the rear of the panel-boot.  Methods of suspension vary.  They are found with four elliptic springs, elliptics and platform springs, c-springs, or double suspension.

Vis-�-vis (Also known as Sociable): French for �face to face�, this vehicle derives its name from the passenger seating arrangement.  Originally built for only two passengers, the body was later widened and some could carry six passengers.  The term was later used in a general way when referring to passengers seated facing one another.

Yellowstone or Sightseeing Wagon:  A passenger wagon on a thoroughbrace used as an excursion or sightseeing wagon.  Built with an open body, three or four seats, and a canopy top.  It originated with Abbott-Downing Co. of Concord, NH.