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Opioids are a class of drugs that derive from, or mimic, natural substances found in the opium poppy plant. Opioids work on opioid receptors in the brain...

Phenylalanine (symbol Phe or F) is an essential α-amino acid with the formula C 9H 11NO 2. It can be viewed as a benzyl group substituted for the methyl...

The hypothalamus (pl.: hypothalami; from Ancient Greek ὑπό (hupó) 'under' and θάλαμος (thálamos) 'chamber') is a small part of the vertebrate brain that...

Topiramate, marketed as Topamax and other brand names, is an oral medication primarily prescribed for the treatment of epilepsy and the prophylaxis of...

A toilet is a piece of sanitary hardware (sanitaryware) that collects human waste (urine and feces) and sometimes toilet paper, usually for disposal. Flush...

Radioactive contamination, also called radiological pollution, is the deposition of, or presence of radioactive substances on surfaces or within solids...

In toxicology, the lethal dose (LD) is an indication of the lethal toxicity of a given substance or type of radiation. Because resistance varies from one...

An opiate is an alkaloid substance derived from opium (or poppy straw). It differs from the similar term opioid in that the latter is used to designate...

Digoxin, sold under the brand name Lanoxin among others, is a medication used to treat various heart conditions. Most frequently it is used for atrial...

Metabolic syndrome is a clustering of at least three of the following five medical conditions: abdominal obesity, high blood pressure, high blood sugar...

Nalmefene, sold under the brand name Revex among others, is a medication that is used in the treatment of opioid overdose and alcohol dependence. Nalmefene...

Medical psychology or Medicopsychology is the application of psychological principles to the practice of medicine, sometimes using drugs for both physical...

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a form of phototherapy involving light and a photosensitizing chemical substance used in conjunction with molecular oxygen...

Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a chronic inflammatory arthritis. The classic features of psoriatic arthritis include enthesitis (inflammation of the entheses)...

Letrozole, sold under the brand name Femara among others, is an aromatase inhibitor medication that is used in the treatment of breast cancer for post-menopausal...

Debridement is the medical removal of dead, damaged, or infected tissue to improve the healing potential of the remaining healthy tissue. Removal may be...

Alport syndrome is a rare genetic disorder, characterized by glomerulonephritis, end-stage kidney disease, and hearing loss. Alport syndrome can also affect...

Pimecrolimus is an immunosuppressant drug of the calcineurin inhibitor class used in the treatment of atopic dermatitis (eczema). It is available as a...

Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD) is an X-linked recessive inherited disorder characterized by slowly progressing muscle weakness of the legs and pelvis...

Lufenuron is the active ingredient in the veterinary flea control medication program, and one of the two active ingredients in the flea, heartworm, and...